Some rivers are wide. Others are narrow. Why is this, and do they change over time? To answer these questions, we developed a model and tested it against real rivers. Rivers erode bank materials to widen, but transported sediments can settle on and rebuild the banks. Rivers generally widen during large floods and narrow during moderate ones. We demonstrate how changing streamflow alters river-channel width over time, with implications for erosion and flood hazards.

This study shows dune mobility can be predicted using a simple statistical method based only on meteorological data from nearby weather stations and freely available climate indices. The model provides an accessible, low-cost way to anticipate future dune behavior. This information is highly valuable for local communities and decision-makers, as it supports better land-use planning and helps reduce potential damage caused by dune migration, contributing to the management of coastal environments.

This study focusses on the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains, a 600 km-long mountain range that is completely hidden beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. We look at the valley networks within the Gamburtsevs and use these to understand how the mountains formed. Our main findings are that the valleys were first cut by rivers that existed before Antarctica was glaciated, the shape of the valleys is affected by the bedrock geology, and the mountains are probably younger than previously thought.

The impact of sediment grains on the riverbed is a key driver of bedrock erosion yet is rarely included in studies of landscape evolution. We propose an equation to address this issue by considering the distinction between grain lift and grain impact. We solved and analysed these equations for simple cases, such as the downstream evolution of a riverbed, and implemented them in a numerical code that simulated the retreat of a knickpoint.

This study reconstructs, for the first time, the transport-pathways of rocks and sediments by glaciers during the last glaciation of the European Alps, 24000 years ago. This helps us understand how the present-day Alps were shaped by past glaciations and helps us better constrain the mechanisms of glacier erosion and the movement of large sediment volumes by ice.  This breakthrough is achieved by coupling a smart particle-tracking algorithm to a machine-learning-enhanced glacier evolution model.

We studied how river channels on an alluvial fan shift and reorganize over time. Using a physical experiment and high-resolution images, we tracked how the main channel moved and when it suddenly jumped to new paths. We found that small changes in how sediment moves across the fan can delay or prevent major shifts, showing that fans often regulate themselves in ways that help explain their unpredictable behavior.

This study presents a year-round automated electrical resistivity tomography monitoring of a steep permafrost rockwall combined with borehole temperature, anchor load and piezometer observations. The joint analysis revealed seasonal phases with enhanced mechanical forcing of rockwalls related to high hydrostatic and cryostatic pressures, which are of particular interest for understanding preconditioning of rock instabilities.

We estimated bedrock river incision parameters for soft sedimentary rock which were lacking in previous global compilations. In the Kamikita Coastal Plain, Japan, the slope exponent was greater than one (i.e., non-linearity of the incision process), which can be explained by past sea-level changes. The estimated erosion coefficient was almost agreed with the global relationship between unconfined compressive strength, supporting the significant influences of bedrock lithology on the coefficient.

The Congo River Basin, a region of global significance, is undergoing a strong increase in population, which will in turn increase soil erosion, impacting soil fertility and the carbon cycle. We examined river sediment (eroded soil) transport, whereby we provided information on the main contributors of sediment to the Congo River. We also highlighted the role of a swampy region which removes large amounts of sediment from the water, acting as a regulator sediment transport to the Congo River.

Climate change increases landslide risk in cold regions. We analyzed 12 years of GPS, borehole, water, and seismic data from two landslides in Arctic Norway, one with permafrost and one without. Both accelerate in spring and autumn due to water infiltration. One slip zone shows increasing snowmelt sensitivity while seismic data reveal seasonal stiffness changes. Results advance understanding of water-driven landslide dynamics in Arctic climates.

This study analyzes how the seasonal variability of groundwater input to river controls suspended sediment dynamics in a Mediterranean mountain catchment. Groundwater inputs play a crucial role in controlling conditions for riverbed sediment remobilization. This highlights the importance of separating groundwater and surface runoff before analyzing sediment export dynamics, and of integrating these seasonal hydrological controls into hydrosedimentary models.

Long term analysis of precipitation and rainfall erosivity provide insights into erosive rainfall regime could affect ¹³⁷Cs redistribution in Fukushima-impacted catchments. Over 2011–2024, June–October produced 46 % of precipitation and 86 % of erosivity, driven by few intense events. The three most erosive events contributed 55 % of annual erosivity, and the most exceeding 40 %. This study provides long-term basis for regional assessments of rainfall-driven erosion and contaminant transfer.

This study introduces an image analysis framework for automatically identifying and measuring sediment grains in various types of images and scans. We employ a high-performing segmentation approach for a wide range of geoscience data, using carefully curated ground truth data. The method achieves higher accuracy and more consistent measurements than existing approaches. The data and algorithm are openly available and provided in a user-friendly way.

Frequent coastal monitoring is often prohibitively expensive. This study demonstrates that affordable drones combined with smartphone GPS can effectively track beach changes over short time periods. Analysis revealed that complex, short-term physical changes are often missed by standard surveys. These findings confirm that affordable technology can reliably identify erosion risks, offering a viable, cost-effective framework for sustainable coastal management in developing regions.

Slow-moving landslides respond to seasonal climate variations, but displacement time series from optical satellite imagery often contain illumination-related biases that obscure true signals. This study assesses methods to mitigate seasonal errors and reveals kinematic changes and controlling factors of a large slow-moving landslide in the Argentinean Andes.

Studying peatlands dynamics over long timescales requires a proxy for past peat cover. In this paper, we explore the use of cosmogenic nuclides to infer peat thicknesses averaged over 100 kyr timescales. We find that long-term peat thicknesses inferred from cosmogenic nuclides at an upland peatland site in the Belgian Ardennes are consistent with independent constraints, but exceed modern peat thicknesses. We attribute this discrepancy to peat degradation associated with historical land use.

Azerbaijan hosts the world's highest concentration of mud volcanoes, some producing kilometre-scale mud flows. These flows were long thought to form only during major eruptions, but this study shows many instead move slowly over time, similar to glaciers. Using satellite images and field observations, we found 19 volcanoes with measurable creeping, moving a few to tens of metres per decade. While often remote, some flows may threaten nearby infrastructure, highlighting the need for monitoring.

In the Lower Ems estuary, ships and ecosystems face challenges from dense layers of sediment known as fluid mud. Using long-term, high-resolution observations, we found that spring tides promote stable fluid mud layers, while during neap tides they are less stable and are more likely to disperse. These dynamics shape sediment movement, affect navigation, and influence the ecosystem, highlighting why understanding fluid mud is essential for managing hyper-turbid estuaries.

Coastal areas are vulnerable to sea-level rise and earthquakes. Understanding past changes requires precise deformation estimates. Marine terraces record sea-level and tectonic histories but mapping them has relied on subjective criteria. TerraceM-3 introduces standardized workflows and a machine-learning-based approach that, combined with ICESat-2 altimetry, enhances the accuracy and reproducibility of marine terrace mapping.

The 2024 Platteikogel rock slide (Tyrol, Austria) highlights how cryospheric changes promote rock slope failure. We demonstrate how the system feedback of ice apron loss, affecting permafrost warming, groundwater conditions, and rockfall activity, accelerates mechanical destabilization, and as a consequence likely peaked in the observed rock slide. Today, rapidly vanishing ice aprons potentially mark source zones for future rock slides.

We investigated geomorphological activity and stability of surfaces and soils along a climatic transect in the Atacama Desert. Single grain luminescence data and sediment analyses reveal recent deposition and shallow post-depositional mixing. Two distinct phases of enhanced activity align with previously reported wetter intervals, demonstrating the sensitivity of arid landscape dynamics to climatic variability.