Articles | Volume 6, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-743-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-743-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
04 Sep 2018
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 04 Sep 2018
| 04 Sep 2018
Clast imbrication in coarse-grained mountain streams and stratigraphic archives as indicator of deposition in upper flow regime conditions
Fritz Schlunegger
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Philippos Garefalakis
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Trends and Composition—A Sedimentological-Chemical-Mineralogical Approach to Constrain the Origin of Quaternary Deposits and Landforms—From a Review to a Manual H. Dill https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12010024
- The transition of very coarse-grained meandering to straight fluvial drainage systems in a tectonized foreland-basement landscape during the Holocene (SE Germany) – A joint geomorphological-geological study H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107364
- Imbrication fabric as a diagnostic feature for the genetic classification of gravels deposited by fluid‐gravity versus sediment‐gravity subaerial flows A. Brenna et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5986
- Compositional and Numerical Geomorphology Along a Basement–Foreland Transition, SE Germany, with Special Reference to Landscape-Forming Indices and Parameters in Genetic and Applied Terrain Analyses H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15020037
- ImageGrains 2.0: Improved precision and generalization for grain segmentation D. Mair et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-527-2026
- Hydromorphological response of heavily modified rivers to flood releases from reservoirs: A case study of the Spöl River, Switzerland S. Hashemi et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5749
- Palaeocurrent Analysis of Quaternary Terrace Gravels in the Northern Part of the Cachar Fold Belt, NE India U. Narayan Patar & P. Phukon https://doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/2026/174341
- Short communication: Field data reveal that the transport probability of clasts in Peruvian and Swiss streams mainly depends on the sorting of the grains F. Schlunegger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-717-2020
- Extreme-flood-related peat blocks: An Anthropocene analogue to ancient coal-forming environments J. Rodríguez-López et al. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.113
- Glaciofluvial sequences recording the Birrfeld Glaciation (MIS 5d–2) in the Bern area, Swiss Plateau J. Pfander et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s00015-022-00414-z
- Constant size and mobility of grains in the Oligo-Miocene megafan deposits in the Swiss Molasse Basin despite long-term changes in tectonic processes, climatic conditions, and sediment flux P. Garefalakis et al. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2024.058
- Sediment–water flows in mountain streams: Recognition and classification based on field evidence A. Brenna et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107413
- Glacial sedimentation in Northern Gondwana: insights from the Talchir formation, Manendragarh, India A. Choudhuri et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756823000353
- Deciphering bed-load characteristics of the fluvially dynamic Balason River in Darjeeling of the Sub-Himalayan foreland, India M. Das et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43217-025-00239-4
- A Natural GMS Laboratory (Granulometry-Morphometry-Situmetry): Geomorphological-Sedimentological-Mineralogical Terrain Analysis Linked to Coarse-Grained Siliciclastic Sediments at the Basement-Foreland Boundary (SE Germany) H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12091118
- Sedimentological and biofabric patterns for hybrid coquina deposits: Insights from wave tank experiments C. Fick et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.70028
- Morphostratigraphy of landform series from the Late Cretaceous to the Quaternary: The “3 + 1” model of the quadripartite watershed system at the NW edge of the Bohemian Massif H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108489
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Trends and Composition—A Sedimentological-Chemical-Mineralogical Approach to Constrain the Origin of Quaternary Deposits and Landforms—From a Review to a Manual H. Dill https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12010024
- The transition of very coarse-grained meandering to straight fluvial drainage systems in a tectonized foreland-basement landscape during the Holocene (SE Germany) – A joint geomorphological-geological study H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107364
- Imbrication fabric as a diagnostic feature for the genetic classification of gravels deposited by fluid‐gravity versus sediment‐gravity subaerial flows A. Brenna et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5986
- Compositional and Numerical Geomorphology Along a Basement–Foreland Transition, SE Germany, with Special Reference to Landscape-Forming Indices and Parameters in Genetic and Applied Terrain Analyses H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15020037
- ImageGrains 2.0: Improved precision and generalization for grain segmentation D. Mair et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-527-2026
- Hydromorphological response of heavily modified rivers to flood releases from reservoirs: A case study of the Spöl River, Switzerland S. Hashemi et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5749
- Palaeocurrent Analysis of Quaternary Terrace Gravels in the Northern Part of the Cachar Fold Belt, NE India U. Narayan Patar & P. Phukon https://doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/2026/174341
- Short communication: Field data reveal that the transport probability of clasts in Peruvian and Swiss streams mainly depends on the sorting of the grains F. Schlunegger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-717-2020
- Extreme-flood-related peat blocks: An Anthropocene analogue to ancient coal-forming environments J. Rodríguez-López et al. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.113
- Glaciofluvial sequences recording the Birrfeld Glaciation (MIS 5d–2) in the Bern area, Swiss Plateau J. Pfander et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s00015-022-00414-z
- Constant size and mobility of grains in the Oligo-Miocene megafan deposits in the Swiss Molasse Basin despite long-term changes in tectonic processes, climatic conditions, and sediment flux P. Garefalakis et al. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2024.058
- Sediment–water flows in mountain streams: Recognition and classification based on field evidence A. Brenna et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107413
- Glacial sedimentation in Northern Gondwana: insights from the Talchir formation, Manendragarh, India A. Choudhuri et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756823000353
- Deciphering bed-load characteristics of the fluvially dynamic Balason River in Darjeeling of the Sub-Himalayan foreland, India M. Das et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43217-025-00239-4
- A Natural GMS Laboratory (Granulometry-Morphometry-Situmetry): Geomorphological-Sedimentological-Mineralogical Terrain Analysis Linked to Coarse-Grained Siliciclastic Sediments at the Basement-Foreland Boundary (SE Germany) H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12091118
- Sedimentological and biofabric patterns for hybrid coquina deposits: Insights from wave tank experiments C. Fick et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.70028
- Morphostratigraphy of landform series from the Late Cretaceous to the Quaternary: The “3 + 1” model of the quadripartite watershed system at the NW edge of the Bohemian Massif H. Dill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108489
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 05 Sep 2026
Short summary
Clast imbrication, which is a depositional fabric where clasts overlap each other similar to a run of toppled dominoes, is one of the most conspicuous sedimentary structures in coarse-grained fluvial deposits. However, the conditions leading to this fabric have been contested. Here, we calculate the hydrological conditions for various stream gradients. We find that clast imbrication most likely forms where channel gradients exceed a threshold and where upper flow regime conditions prevail.
Clast imbrication, which is a depositional fabric where clasts overlap each other similar to a...
