Articles | Volume 7, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-1019-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-1019-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Oct 2019
Research article |
| 30 Oct 2019
| 30 Oct 2019
Permafrost distribution in steep rock slopes in Norway: measurements, statistical modelling and implications for geomorphological processes
Florence Magnin
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Bernd Etzelmüller
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Sebastian Westermann
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Ketil Isaksen
The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, 0313, Norway
Paula Hilger
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim, 7040, Norway
Reginald L. Hermanns
Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim, 7040, Norway
Institute for Geoscience and Petroleum, Norwegian University of
Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7040, Norway
Viewed
Total article views: 3,697 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Feb 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,445 | 1,137 | 115 | 3,697 | 444 | 100 | 114 |
- HTML: 2,445
- PDF: 1,137
- XML: 115
- Total: 3,697
- Supplement: 444
- BibTeX: 100
- EndNote: 114
Total article views: 2,793 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 30 Oct 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,991 | 709 | 93 | 2,793 | 320 | 81 | 94 |
- HTML: 1,991
- PDF: 709
- XML: 93
- Total: 2,793
- Supplement: 320
- BibTeX: 81
- EndNote: 94
Total article views: 904 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Feb 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 454 | 428 | 22 | 904 | 124 | 19 | 20 |
- HTML: 454
- PDF: 428
- XML: 22
- Total: 904
- Supplement: 124
- BibTeX: 19
- EndNote: 20
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 3,697 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,237 with geography defined
and 460 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,793 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,475 with geography defined
and 318 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 904 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 762 with geography defined
and 142 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
34 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Real‐Time Forecast of Catastrophic Landslides via Dragon‐King Detection Q. Lei et al. 10.1029/2022GL100832
- Age, origin and palaeoclimatic implications of peri- and paraglacial boulder-dominated landforms in Rondane, South Norway P. Marr et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108251
- Surface paleothermometry using low-temperature thermoluminescence of feldspar R. Biswas et al. 10.5194/cp-16-2075-2020
- Pre-collapse motion of the February 2021 Chamoli rock–ice avalanche, Indian Himalaya M. Van Wyk de Vries et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-3309-2022
- Movements, failure and climatic control of the Veslemannen rockslide, Western Norway L. Kristensen et al. 10.1007/s10346-020-01609-x
- Holocene warming of alpine rockwalls decreased rockwall erosion rates D. Draebing et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118496
- Fjellskredaktivitet i Norge siden den siste istida P. Hilger et al. 10.18261/naturen.146.2-3.4
- Analysis of the Temporal Evolution of Ice Aprons in the Mont-Blanc Massif Using X and C-Band SAR Images S. Kaushik et al. 10.3389/frsen.2022.930021
- Evolution of events before and after the 17 June 2017 rock avalanche at Karrat Fjord, West Greenland – a multidisciplinary approach to detecting and locating unstable rock slopes in a remote Arctic area K. Svennevig et al. 10.5194/esurf-8-1021-2020
- Permafrost Distribution in the Southern Carpathians, Romania, Derived From Machine Learning Modeling R. Popescu et al. 10.1002/ppp.2232
- Spatiotemporal variations in frost cracking measures in two dimensions: A case study for rock walls in Jotunheimen, southern Norway J. Czekirda et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109112
- Thermal photogrammetry on a permafrost rock wall for the active layer monitoring S. Ponti et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170391
- Automated classification of seismic signals recorded on the Åknes rock slope, Western Norway, using a convolutional neural network N. Langet & F. Silverberg 10.5194/esurf-11-89-2023
- Relating ten years of rock temperature monitoring to rockwall weathering processes in steep mountain valleys in western Norway K. Laute & A. Beylich 10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109496
- Debris flows originating in the mountain cryosphere under a changing climate: A review G. Yu et al. 10.1177/0309133320961705
- Temperature distribution in a permafrost-affected rock ridge from conductivity and induced polarization tomography P. Duvillard et al. 10.1093/gji/ggaa597
- Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway J. Czekirda et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023
- Permafrost in monitored unstable rock slopes in Norway – new insights from temperature and surface velocity measurements, geophysical surveying, and ground temperature modelling B. Etzelmüller et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-97-2022
- Debris‐flow fan development and geomorphic effects in alpine canyons under a changing climate W. Hou & G. Yu 10.1002/esp.5699
- Alpine rockwall erosion patterns follow elevation-dependent climate trajectories D. Draebing et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00348-2
- Assessing the impact of climate change on landslides near Vejle, Denmark, using public data K. Svennevig et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-1897-2024
- Permafrost as a first order control on long-term rock-slope deformation in (Sub-)Arctic Norway P. Hilger et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106718
- Effects of topographic and meteorological parameters on the surface area loss of ice aprons in the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps) S. Kaushik et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4251-2022
- Permafrost controls the displacement rates of large unstable rock-slopes in subarctic environments I. Penna et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.104017
- Snow-avalanche boulder fans in Jotunheimen, southern Norway: Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating, geomorphometrics, dynamics and evolution J. Matthews et al. 10.1080/04353676.2020.1762365
- Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard J. Schmidt et al. 10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021
- Modelling present and future rock wall permafrost distribution in the Sisimiut mountain area, West Greenland M. Marcer et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1753-2024
- Interpretation, age and significance of a relict paraglacial and periglacial boulder-dominated landform assemblage in Alnesdalen, Romsdalsalpane, southern Norway P. Wilson et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107362
- First evidence of rock wall permafrost in the Pyrenees (Vignemale peak, 3,298 m a.s.l., 42°46′16″N/0°08′33″W) I. Rico et al. 10.1002/ppp.2130
- On a lichen collection from the summit of Glittertinden (Norway, Oppland / Innlandet) – base line data for a high mountain top J. Hafellner 10.35535/pfsyst-2023-0025
- Landslides, a Key Landform in the Global Geological Heritage C. Morino et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.864760
- Transferring Cryosphere Knowledge between Mountains Globally: A Case Study of Western Canadian Mountains, the European Alps and the Scandes E. Stewart-Jones & S. Gruber 10.4000/rga.12203
- Transfert des connaissances sur la cryosphère entre les montagnes au niveau mondial : Une étude de cas des montagnes de l’Ouest canadien, des Alpes européennes et des Scandes. E. Stewart-Jones & S. Gruber 10.4000/rga.12224
- Rock avalanches in northeastern Baffin Island, Canada: understanding low occurrence amid high hazard potential M. Matthew et al. 10.1007/s10346-024-02315-8
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Real‐Time Forecast of Catastrophic Landslides via Dragon‐King Detection Q. Lei et al. 10.1029/2022GL100832
- Age, origin and palaeoclimatic implications of peri- and paraglacial boulder-dominated landforms in Rondane, South Norway P. Marr et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108251
- Surface paleothermometry using low-temperature thermoluminescence of feldspar R. Biswas et al. 10.5194/cp-16-2075-2020
- Pre-collapse motion of the February 2021 Chamoli rock–ice avalanche, Indian Himalaya M. Van Wyk de Vries et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-3309-2022
- Movements, failure and climatic control of the Veslemannen rockslide, Western Norway L. Kristensen et al. 10.1007/s10346-020-01609-x
- Holocene warming of alpine rockwalls decreased rockwall erosion rates D. Draebing et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118496
- Fjellskredaktivitet i Norge siden den siste istida P. Hilger et al. 10.18261/naturen.146.2-3.4
- Analysis of the Temporal Evolution of Ice Aprons in the Mont-Blanc Massif Using X and C-Band SAR Images S. Kaushik et al. 10.3389/frsen.2022.930021
- Evolution of events before and after the 17 June 2017 rock avalanche at Karrat Fjord, West Greenland – a multidisciplinary approach to detecting and locating unstable rock slopes in a remote Arctic area K. Svennevig et al. 10.5194/esurf-8-1021-2020
- Permafrost Distribution in the Southern Carpathians, Romania, Derived From Machine Learning Modeling R. Popescu et al. 10.1002/ppp.2232
- Spatiotemporal variations in frost cracking measures in two dimensions: A case study for rock walls in Jotunheimen, southern Norway J. Czekirda et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109112
- Thermal photogrammetry on a permafrost rock wall for the active layer monitoring S. Ponti et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170391
- Automated classification of seismic signals recorded on the Åknes rock slope, Western Norway, using a convolutional neural network N. Langet & F. Silverberg 10.5194/esurf-11-89-2023
- Relating ten years of rock temperature monitoring to rockwall weathering processes in steep mountain valleys in western Norway K. Laute & A. Beylich 10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109496
- Debris flows originating in the mountain cryosphere under a changing climate: A review G. Yu et al. 10.1177/0309133320961705
- Temperature distribution in a permafrost-affected rock ridge from conductivity and induced polarization tomography P. Duvillard et al. 10.1093/gji/ggaa597
- Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway J. Czekirda et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023
- Permafrost in monitored unstable rock slopes in Norway – new insights from temperature and surface velocity measurements, geophysical surveying, and ground temperature modelling B. Etzelmüller et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-97-2022
- Debris‐flow fan development and geomorphic effects in alpine canyons under a changing climate W. Hou & G. Yu 10.1002/esp.5699
- Alpine rockwall erosion patterns follow elevation-dependent climate trajectories D. Draebing et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00348-2
- Assessing the impact of climate change on landslides near Vejle, Denmark, using public data K. Svennevig et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-1897-2024
- Permafrost as a first order control on long-term rock-slope deformation in (Sub-)Arctic Norway P. Hilger et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106718
- Effects of topographic and meteorological parameters on the surface area loss of ice aprons in the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps) S. Kaushik et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4251-2022
- Permafrost controls the displacement rates of large unstable rock-slopes in subarctic environments I. Penna et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.104017
- Snow-avalanche boulder fans in Jotunheimen, southern Norway: Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating, geomorphometrics, dynamics and evolution J. Matthews et al. 10.1080/04353676.2020.1762365
- Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard J. Schmidt et al. 10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021
- Modelling present and future rock wall permafrost distribution in the Sisimiut mountain area, West Greenland M. Marcer et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1753-2024
- Interpretation, age and significance of a relict paraglacial and periglacial boulder-dominated landform assemblage in Alnesdalen, Romsdalsalpane, southern Norway P. Wilson et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107362
- First evidence of rock wall permafrost in the Pyrenees (Vignemale peak, 3,298 m a.s.l., 42°46′16″N/0°08′33″W) I. Rico et al. 10.1002/ppp.2130
- On a lichen collection from the summit of Glittertinden (Norway, Oppland / Innlandet) – base line data for a high mountain top J. Hafellner 10.35535/pfsyst-2023-0025
4 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Landslides, a Key Landform in the Global Geological Heritage C. Morino et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.864760
- Transferring Cryosphere Knowledge between Mountains Globally: A Case Study of Western Canadian Mountains, the European Alps and the Scandes E. Stewart-Jones & S. Gruber 10.4000/rga.12203
- Transfert des connaissances sur la cryosphère entre les montagnes au niveau mondial : Une étude de cas des montagnes de l’Ouest canadien, des Alpes européennes et des Scandes. E. Stewart-Jones & S. Gruber 10.4000/rga.12224
- Rock avalanches in northeastern Baffin Island, Canada: understanding low occurrence amid high hazard potential M. Matthew et al. 10.1007/s10346-024-02315-8
Latest update: 19 Nov 2024
Short summary
This study proposes the first permafrost (i.e. ground with temperature permanently < 0 °C) map covering the steep rock slopes of Norway. It was created by using rock temperature data collected at the near surface of 25 rock walls spread across the country between 2010 and 2018. The map shows that permafrost mostly exists above 1300–1400 m a.s.l. in southern Norway and close to sea level in northern Norway. The results have strong potential for the study of rock wall sliding and failure.
This study proposes the first permafrost (i.e. ground with temperature permanently 0 °C) map...
