Articles | Volume 7, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-591-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-591-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Jun 2019
Research article |
| 26 Jun 2019
| 26 Jun 2019
A coupled soilscape–landform evolution model: model formulation and initial results
W. D. Dimuth P. Welivitiya
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
Garry R. Willgoose
School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
Greg R. Hancock
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
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Cited
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evolutionary pathways in soil-landscape evolution models W. van der Meij https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-381-2022
- A Review of Process-Based Landform Evolution Models for Evaluating the Erosional Stability of Constructed Post-Mining Landscapes I. Senanayake et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010019
- Mapping soil thickness using a mechanistic model and machine learning approaches N. Rosin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108621
- Predicting gully erosion using landform evolution models: Insights from mining landforms G. Hancock & G. Willgoose https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5234
- Hillslope and catchment scale landform evolution – Predicting catchment form and surface properties W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105725
- Modelling hillslope soil profiles using a coupled pedogenesis and landform evolution model W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilad.2025.100074
- 3–4D soil model as challenge for future soil research: Quantitative soil modeling based on the solid phase H. Gerke et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202200239
- Quantifying small scale spatial variability in diffusive erosion and deposition G. Hancock & W. Welivitiya https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109853
- Calibration and validation of the SSSPAM coupled soilscape–landform evolution model for simulating short‐term gully development on a post‐mining landform W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5423
- Geomorphological evolution and sediment stratigraphy of numerically simulated alluvial fans W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4872
- On the main components of landscape evolution modelling of river systems M. Nones https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-020-00401-8
- Mammalian bioturbation amplifies rates of both hillslope sediment erosion and accumulation along the Chilean climate gradient P. Grigusova et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3367-2023
- Soil erosion and carbon export: A case study in a steep slope grazing landscape G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2023.e00751
- Evaluating Erosional Stability of Reconstructed Mine Landscapes Using Landform Evolution Models: Parameterisation and Decadal‐Scale Erosion Assessment I. Senanayake & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70666
- Assessing and designing post-mining landscapes for climate change erosion risk using a landscape evolution model G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teadva.2026.200150
- Predicting soil organic carbon movement and concentration using a soil erosion and Landscape Evolution Model G. Hancock & T. Wells https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114759
- Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering V. García-Gamero et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-319-2022
- The current and future role of biota in soil-landscape evolution models X. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103945
- Evaluating a new landform evolution model: A case study using a proposed mine rehabilitation landform W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5175
- Tailings dams: Assessing the long-term erosional stability of valley fill designs G. Hancock & T. Coulthard https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157692
- Quantifying mine waste rock physical weathering rate and processes for improved geomorphic post-mining landforms W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109357
- Modelling and constructing engineered soil for post-mining landforms to create optimal ecological outcomes: application of a computer based Landscape Evolution Model (SSSPAM) W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR24230
- Soil as part of the Earth system R. Huggett https://doi.org/10.1177/03091333221147655
- Geoengineering landforms – Using geomorphology and Landscape Evolution Models for post-mining Soilscape restoration G. Hancock & J. Duque https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilad.2025.100093
- Modelling soil Erosion across scales: Linking laboratory flumes and catchment data G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.110085
- Hillslope erosion in a grassland environment: Calibration and evaluation of the SIBERIA landscape evolution model G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5060
- A method for assessing the long-term integrity of tailings dams G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146083
- A new way to geoengineer landscapes using computer‐based landform evolution models G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70161
- Determining the depth and rate of soil movement down the soil profile using an environmental tracer: a hillslope scale assessment G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR23253
- Soil depth and catchment geomorphology: A field, vegetation and GIS based assessment I. Senanayake et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00824
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evolutionary pathways in soil-landscape evolution models W. van der Meij https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-381-2022
- A Review of Process-Based Landform Evolution Models for Evaluating the Erosional Stability of Constructed Post-Mining Landscapes I. Senanayake et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010019
- Mapping soil thickness using a mechanistic model and machine learning approaches N. Rosin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108621
- Predicting gully erosion using landform evolution models: Insights from mining landforms G. Hancock & G. Willgoose https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5234
- Hillslope and catchment scale landform evolution – Predicting catchment form and surface properties W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105725
- Modelling hillslope soil profiles using a coupled pedogenesis and landform evolution model W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilad.2025.100074
- 3–4D soil model as challenge for future soil research: Quantitative soil modeling based on the solid phase H. Gerke et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202200239
- Quantifying small scale spatial variability in diffusive erosion and deposition G. Hancock & W. Welivitiya https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109853
- Calibration and validation of the SSSPAM coupled soilscape–landform evolution model for simulating short‐term gully development on a post‐mining landform W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5423
- Geomorphological evolution and sediment stratigraphy of numerically simulated alluvial fans W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4872
- On the main components of landscape evolution modelling of river systems M. Nones https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-020-00401-8
- Mammalian bioturbation amplifies rates of both hillslope sediment erosion and accumulation along the Chilean climate gradient P. Grigusova et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3367-2023
- Soil erosion and carbon export: A case study in a steep slope grazing landscape G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2023.e00751
- Evaluating Erosional Stability of Reconstructed Mine Landscapes Using Landform Evolution Models: Parameterisation and Decadal‐Scale Erosion Assessment I. Senanayake & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70666
- Assessing and designing post-mining landscapes for climate change erosion risk using a landscape evolution model G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teadva.2026.200150
- Predicting soil organic carbon movement and concentration using a soil erosion and Landscape Evolution Model G. Hancock & T. Wells https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114759
- Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering V. García-Gamero et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-319-2022
- The current and future role of biota in soil-landscape evolution models X. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103945
- Evaluating a new landform evolution model: A case study using a proposed mine rehabilitation landform W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5175
- Tailings dams: Assessing the long-term erosional stability of valley fill designs G. Hancock & T. Coulthard https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157692
- Quantifying mine waste rock physical weathering rate and processes for improved geomorphic post-mining landforms W. Welivitiya & G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109357
- Modelling and constructing engineered soil for post-mining landforms to create optimal ecological outcomes: application of a computer based Landscape Evolution Model (SSSPAM) W. Welivitiya et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR24230
- Soil as part of the Earth system R. Huggett https://doi.org/10.1177/03091333221147655
- Geoengineering landforms – Using geomorphology and Landscape Evolution Models for post-mining Soilscape restoration G. Hancock & J. Duque https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilad.2025.100093
- Modelling soil Erosion across scales: Linking laboratory flumes and catchment data G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.110085
- Hillslope erosion in a grassland environment: Calibration and evaluation of the SIBERIA landscape evolution model G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5060
- A method for assessing the long-term integrity of tailings dams G. Hancock https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146083
- A new way to geoengineer landscapes using computer‐based landform evolution models G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70161
- Determining the depth and rate of soil movement down the soil profile using an environmental tracer: a hillslope scale assessment G. Hancock et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR23253
- Soil depth and catchment geomorphology: A field, vegetation and GIS based assessment I. Senanayake et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00824
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
The paper describes a model that simultaneously evolves both the soil profile and the landform, creating a coupled soilscape–landscape evolution model. The physics in the model is presented and justified from physical processes. The behaviour of the model is then explored for a variety of process formulations for a one-dimensional hillslope consisting of a flat upslope, steep midslope, and flat lowlands, exploring the erosion and deposition behaviour, and soil profile evolution over time.
The paper describes a model that simultaneously evolves both the soil profile and the landform,...
