Articles | Volume 8, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-447-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-447-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Jun 2020
Research article |
| 03 Jun 2020
| 03 Jun 2020
Parameterization of river incision models requires accounting for environmental heterogeneity: insights from the tropical Andes
Benjamin Campforts
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
CSDMS, Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
Veerle Vanacker
Earth and Life Institute, Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, University of Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Frédéric Herman
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Matthias Vanmaercke
University of Liege, UR SPHERES, Department of Geography, Clos Mercator 3, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Wolfgang Schwanghart
Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Germany
Gustavo E. Tenorio
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Cuenca, Ecuador
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Patrick Willems
Department of Civil Engineering – Hydraulics Section, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark 40 box 2448, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Gerard Govers
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Cited
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A data driven gully head susceptibility map of Africa at 30 m resolution S. De Geeter et al.
- Eroding the Himalaya: Topographic and Climatic Control of Erosion Rates and Implications for Tectonics K. Whipple et al.
- Rock strength controls erosion in tectonically dead landscapes M. Haag et al.
- The Art of Landslides: How Stochastic Mass Wasting Shapes Topography and Influences Landscape Dynamics B. Campforts et al.
- Investigation of stochastic-threshold incision models across a climatic and morphological gradient C. Desormeaux et al.
- Scale‐Dependent Contributors to River Profile Geometry I. Wapenhans et al.
- HyLands 1.0: a hybrid landscape evolution model to simulate the impact of landslides and landslide-derived sediment on landscape evolution B. Campforts et al.
- A theory of stochastic fluvial landscape evolution G. Roberts & O. Wani
- Earthquake-induced landslides coupled to fluvial incision in Andean Patagonia: Inferring their effects on landscape at geological time scales B. Morales et al.
- Cosmogenic (un-)steadiness revealed by paired-nuclide catchment-wide denudation rates in the formerly half-glaciated Vosges Mountains (NE France) T. Jautzy et al.
- Quantitative analysis of the fluvial geomorphology and erosion on Hainan island: implications for the source-to-sink system in the NW South China Sea K. Qiu et al.
- Environmental control of the present-day sediment export along the extratropical Andes I. Vergara et al.
- Estimating global landslide susceptibility and its uncertainty through ensemble modeling A. Felsberg et al.
- Investigating controls on fluvial grain sizes in post-glacial landscapes using citizen science A. Towers et al.
- Limited influence of bedrock strength on river profiles: the dominant role of sediment dynamics N. Yamanishi & H. Naruse
- Landslides, bedrock incision and human-induced environmental changes in an extremely rapidly formed tropical river gorge T. Mugaruka Bibentyo et al.
- Millennial surface denudation rates along the Tibetan Plateau’s northwestern margin W. Wang et al.
- Evolution of the crustal phosphorus reservoir C. Walton et al.
- Low variability runoff inhibits coupling of climate, tectonics, and topography in the Greater Caucasus A. Forte et al.
- Impact of noise on landscapes and metrics generated with stream power models M. Morris & G. Roberts
- Stochastic in Space and Time: 1. Characterizing Orographic Gradients in Mean Runoff and Daily Runoff Variability A. Forte & M. Rossi
- Tectonic advection of contacts enhances landscape transience N. Mitchell & A. Forte
- Climate Change Impacts on Sediment Yield and Debris‐Flow Activity in an Alpine Catchment J. Hirschberg et al.
- Himalayan valley-floor widths controlled by tectonically driven exhumation F. Clubb et al.
- Geomorphic development and controlling factors in the Eastern Pamir Syntaxis in a modern active tectonic setting J. Shen et al.
- The slow downwearing of Madagascar: Inferring patterns and controls on long‐term basin‐averaged erosion rates from in situ10Be at the catchment and regional level L. Brosens et al.
- Lithology, topography, and spatial variability of vegetation moderate fluvial erosion in the south-central Andes E. Seagren et al.
- Interplay between tectonics and surface processes in the evolution of mountain ranges: Insights from landscape dynamics, uplift, and active deformation of Talesh Mountains (NW Iranian Plateau margin) M. Moumeni et al.
- Growing topography due to contrasting rock types in a tectonically dead landscape D. Peifer et al.
- Controls on topography and erosion of the north-central Andes J. Leonard et al.
- Thor: a rock strength database for investigating lithologic controls in landscape evolution M. Haag & L. Schoenbohm
- Landslides and Gullies Interact as Sources of Lake Sediments in a Rifting Context: Insights from a Highly Degraded Mountain Environment L. Belayneh et al.
- Interactions between deforestation, landscape rejuvenation, and shallow landslides in the North Tanganyika–Kivu rift region, Africa A. Depicker et al.
- Integrated hydro-morphological assessment of the flood events and in-channel vegetation impacts on river channel morphology (Polish Western Carpathians) A. Bucała-Hrabia et al.
- Spatial variation in specific sediment yield along the Peruvian western Andes M. Rosas et al.
- 青藏高原西北部边界千年尺度地表剥蚀速率及其控制因素 文. 王 et al.
- Comparing methods for calculating channel steepness index A. Smith et al.
- Subglacial valleys preserved in the highlands of south and east Greenland record restricted ice extent during past warmer climates G. Paxman et al.
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A data driven gully head susceptibility map of Africa at 30 m resolution S. De Geeter et al.
- Eroding the Himalaya: Topographic and Climatic Control of Erosion Rates and Implications for Tectonics K. Whipple et al.
- Rock strength controls erosion in tectonically dead landscapes M. Haag et al.
- The Art of Landslides: How Stochastic Mass Wasting Shapes Topography and Influences Landscape Dynamics B. Campforts et al.
- Investigation of stochastic-threshold incision models across a climatic and morphological gradient C. Desormeaux et al.
- Scale‐Dependent Contributors to River Profile Geometry I. Wapenhans et al.
- HyLands 1.0: a hybrid landscape evolution model to simulate the impact of landslides and landslide-derived sediment on landscape evolution B. Campforts et al.
- A theory of stochastic fluvial landscape evolution G. Roberts & O. Wani
- Earthquake-induced landslides coupled to fluvial incision in Andean Patagonia: Inferring their effects on landscape at geological time scales B. Morales et al.
- Cosmogenic (un-)steadiness revealed by paired-nuclide catchment-wide denudation rates in the formerly half-glaciated Vosges Mountains (NE France) T. Jautzy et al.
- Quantitative analysis of the fluvial geomorphology and erosion on Hainan island: implications for the source-to-sink system in the NW South China Sea K. Qiu et al.
- Environmental control of the present-day sediment export along the extratropical Andes I. Vergara et al.
- Estimating global landslide susceptibility and its uncertainty through ensemble modeling A. Felsberg et al.
- Investigating controls on fluvial grain sizes in post-glacial landscapes using citizen science A. Towers et al.
- Limited influence of bedrock strength on river profiles: the dominant role of sediment dynamics N. Yamanishi & H. Naruse
- Landslides, bedrock incision and human-induced environmental changes in an extremely rapidly formed tropical river gorge T. Mugaruka Bibentyo et al.
- Millennial surface denudation rates along the Tibetan Plateau’s northwestern margin W. Wang et al.
- Evolution of the crustal phosphorus reservoir C. Walton et al.
- Low variability runoff inhibits coupling of climate, tectonics, and topography in the Greater Caucasus A. Forte et al.
- Impact of noise on landscapes and metrics generated with stream power models M. Morris & G. Roberts
- Stochastic in Space and Time: 1. Characterizing Orographic Gradients in Mean Runoff and Daily Runoff Variability A. Forte & M. Rossi
- Tectonic advection of contacts enhances landscape transience N. Mitchell & A. Forte
- Climate Change Impacts on Sediment Yield and Debris‐Flow Activity in an Alpine Catchment J. Hirschberg et al.
- Himalayan valley-floor widths controlled by tectonically driven exhumation F. Clubb et al.
- Geomorphic development and controlling factors in the Eastern Pamir Syntaxis in a modern active tectonic setting J. Shen et al.
- The slow downwearing of Madagascar: Inferring patterns and controls on long‐term basin‐averaged erosion rates from in situ10Be at the catchment and regional level L. Brosens et al.
- Lithology, topography, and spatial variability of vegetation moderate fluvial erosion in the south-central Andes E. Seagren et al.
- Interplay between tectonics and surface processes in the evolution of mountain ranges: Insights from landscape dynamics, uplift, and active deformation of Talesh Mountains (NW Iranian Plateau margin) M. Moumeni et al.
- Growing topography due to contrasting rock types in a tectonically dead landscape D. Peifer et al.
- Controls on topography and erosion of the north-central Andes J. Leonard et al.
- Thor: a rock strength database for investigating lithologic controls in landscape evolution M. Haag & L. Schoenbohm
- Landslides and Gullies Interact as Sources of Lake Sediments in a Rifting Context: Insights from a Highly Degraded Mountain Environment L. Belayneh et al.
- Interactions between deforestation, landscape rejuvenation, and shallow landslides in the North Tanganyika–Kivu rift region, Africa A. Depicker et al.
- Integrated hydro-morphological assessment of the flood events and in-channel vegetation impacts on river channel morphology (Polish Western Carpathians) A. Bucała-Hrabia et al.
- Spatial variation in specific sediment yield along the Peruvian western Andes M. Rosas et al.
- 青藏高原西北部边界千年尺度地表剥蚀速率及其控制因素 文. 王 et al.
- Comparing methods for calculating channel steepness index A. Smith et al.
- Subglacial valleys preserved in the highlands of south and east Greenland record restricted ice extent during past warmer climates G. Paxman et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
In this contribution, we explore the spatial determinants of bedrock river incision in the tropical Andes. The model results illustrate the problem of confounding between climatic and lithological variables, such as rock strength. Incorporating rock strength explicitly into river incision models strongly improves the explanatory power of all tested models and enables us to clarify the role of rainfall variability in controlling river incision rates.
In this contribution, we explore the spatial determinants of bedrock river incision in the...
