Articles | Volume 12, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1027-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1027-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
How water, temperature, and seismicity control the preconditioning of massive rock slope failure (Hochvogel)
Johannes Leinauer
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
TUM School of Engineering and Design, Landslide Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Michael Dietze
Faculty of Geosciences and Geography, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Sibylle Knapp
TUM School of Engineering and Design, Landslide Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
UNESCO Global Geopark Swabian Alb, Schelklingen, Germany
Riccardo Scandroglio
TUM School of Engineering and Design, Landslide Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Maximilian Jokel
TUM School of Engineering and Design, Landslide Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Michael Krautblatter
TUM School of Engineering and Design, Landslide Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Multi-sensor monitoring of an active rockfall site in Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh, India R. Dhiman et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-026-09155-2
- Quantifying the effective reliability of geotechnical high-alpine real-time monitoring systems J. Leinauer & M. Krautblatter https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108984
- How ice apron loss and permafrost degradation promoted the Platteikogel rock slope failure: a thermo-mechanical reconstruction F. Pfluger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-601-2026
- Explainable surface displacement prediction using causal feature selection and Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks L. Schild et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.109044
- Decadal in situ hydrological observations and empirical modeling of pressure head in a high-alpine, fractured calcareous rock slope R. Scandroglio et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-295-2025
- Path-Dependent Landslide Initiation Through Response-Generated Memory Under Mainshock–Aftershock Loading S. Kostić & N. Vasović https://doi.org/10.3390/math14173122
- Feature-based multi-epoch rock slope monitoring using images and terrestrial laser scans L. Lucks & C. Holst https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2026.100120
- Seasonal thermo-hydro-mechanical dynamics of permafrost rockwalls revealed by automated electrical resistivity monitoring M. Offer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-661-2026
- Safeguarding Cultural Heritage: Integrating laser scanning, InSAR, vibration monitoring and rockfall/granular flow runout modelling at the Temple of Hatshepsut, Egypt B. Jacobs et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-55-2026
- Characterizing irregularly shaped rockfall dynamics using seismic signals: Geometric source effects combined with deep learning-driven strategy Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2026.03.005
- Progressive destabilization of a freestanding rock pillar in permafrost on the Matterhorn (Swiss Alps): Hydro-mechanical modeling and analysis S. Weber et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-1157-2025
- Meteoclimatic drivers of rock mass plasticity before failures: Insights from an artificial neural network trained on monitoring data and weather forecasts G. Marmoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2026.06.036
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Multi-sensor monitoring of an active rockfall site in Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh, India R. Dhiman et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-026-09155-2
- Quantifying the effective reliability of geotechnical high-alpine real-time monitoring systems J. Leinauer & M. Krautblatter https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108984
- How ice apron loss and permafrost degradation promoted the Platteikogel rock slope failure: a thermo-mechanical reconstruction F. Pfluger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-601-2026
- Explainable surface displacement prediction using causal feature selection and Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks L. Schild et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.109044
- Decadal in situ hydrological observations and empirical modeling of pressure head in a high-alpine, fractured calcareous rock slope R. Scandroglio et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-295-2025
- Path-Dependent Landslide Initiation Through Response-Generated Memory Under Mainshock–Aftershock Loading S. Kostić & N. Vasović https://doi.org/10.3390/math14173122
- Feature-based multi-epoch rock slope monitoring using images and terrestrial laser scans L. Lucks & C. Holst https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2026.100120
- Seasonal thermo-hydro-mechanical dynamics of permafrost rockwalls revealed by automated electrical resistivity monitoring M. Offer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-661-2026
- Safeguarding Cultural Heritage: Integrating laser scanning, InSAR, vibration monitoring and rockfall/granular flow runout modelling at the Temple of Hatshepsut, Egypt B. Jacobs et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-55-2026
- Characterizing irregularly shaped rockfall dynamics using seismic signals: Geometric source effects combined with deep learning-driven strategy Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2026.03.005
- Progressive destabilization of a freestanding rock pillar in permafrost on the Matterhorn (Swiss Alps): Hydro-mechanical modeling and analysis S. Weber et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-1157-2025
- Meteoclimatic drivers of rock mass plasticity before failures: Insights from an artificial neural network trained on monitoring data and weather forecasts G. Marmoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2026.06.036
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 07 Oct 2026
Short summary
Massive rock slope failures are a significant alpine hazard and change the Earth's surface. Therefore, we must understand what controls the preparation of such events. By correlating 4 years of slope displacements with meteorological and seismic data, we found that water from rain and snowmelt is the most important driver. Our approach is applicable to similar sites and indicates where future climatic changes, e.g. in rain intensity and frequency, may alter the preparation of slope failure.
Massive rock slope failures are a significant alpine hazard and change the Earth's surface....