Articles | Volume 7, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-429-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-429-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 May 2019
Research article |
| 15 May 2019
| 15 May 2019
Relationships between regional coastal land cover distributions and elevation reveal data uncertainty in a sea-level rise impacts model
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center,
Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Nathaniel G. Plant
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science
Center, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
E. Robert Thieler
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center,
Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Related subject area
Cross-cutting themes: Digital Landscapes: Insights into geomorphological processes from high-resolution topography and quantitative interrogation of topographic data
Geomorphic indicators of continental-scale landscape transience in the Hengduan Mountains, SE Tibet, China
Evaluating the accuracy of binary classifiers for geomorphic applications
Massive sediment pulses triggered by a multi-stage 130 000 m3 alpine cliff fall (Hochvogel, DE–AT)
Multi-sensor monitoring and data integration reveal cyclical destabilization of the Äußeres Hochebenkar rock glacier
Size, shape and orientation matter: fast and semi-automatic measurement of grain geometries from 3D point clouds
Rockfall trajectory reconstruction: a flexible method utilizing video footage and high-resolution terrain models
Drainage reorganization induces deviations in the scaling between valley width and drainage area
Unraveling the hydrology and sediment balance of an ungauged lake in the Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa using remote sensing
Comparative analysis of the Copernicus, TanDEM-X, and UAV-SfM digital elevation models to estimate lavaka (gully) volumes and mobilization rates in the Lake Alaotra region (Madagascar)
Beyond 2D landslide inventories and their rollover: synoptic 3D inventories and volume from repeat lidar data
Coastal change patterns from time series clustering of permanent laser scan data
Measurement of rock glacier surface change over different timescales using terrestrial laser scanning point clouds
Short communication: A semiautomated method for bulk fault slip analysis from topographic scarp profiles
Short Communication: A simple workflow for robust low-cost UAV-derived change detection without ground control points
Computing water flow through complex landscapes – Part 1: Incorporating depressions in flow routing using FlowFill
A segmentation approach for the reproducible extraction and quantification of knickpoints from river long profiles
A method based on structure-from-motion photogrammetry to generate sub-millimetre-resolution digital elevation models for investigating rock breakdown features
A comparison of structure from motion photogrammetry and the traversing micro-erosion meter for measuring erosion on shore platforms
Measuring decadal vertical land-level changes from SRTM-C (2000) and TanDEM-X ( ∼ 2015) in the south-central Andes
Bank erosion processes measured with UAV-SfM along complex banklines of a straight mid-sized river reach
Identification of stable areas in unreferenced laser scans for automated geomorphometric monitoring
Unsupervised detection of salt marsh platforms: a topographic method
The determination of high-resolution spatio-temporal glacier motion fields from time-lapse sequences
Bumps in river profiles: uncertainty assessment and smoothing using quantile regression techniques
Unravelling earth flow dynamics with 3-D time series derived from UAV-SfM models
Tree-root control of shallow landslides
Automated terrestrial laser scanning with near-real-time change detection – monitoring of the Séchilienne landslide
Validation of digital elevation models (DEMs) and comparison of geomorphic metrics on the southern Central Andean Plateau
3-D models and structural analysis of rock avalanches: the study of the deformation process to better understand the propagation mechanism
Frontiers in Geomorphometry and Earth Surface Dynamics: possibilities, limitations and perspectives
How does grid-resolution modulate the topographic expression of geomorphic processes?
Suitability of ground-based SfM–MVS for monitoring glacial and periglacial processes
Image-based surface reconstruction in geomorphometry – merits, limits and developments
Topography-based flow-directional roughness: potential and challenges
A nondimensional framework for exploring the relief structure of landscapes
Topographic roughness as a signature of the emergence of bedrock in eroding landscapes
Tracing the boundaries of Cenozoic volcanic edifices from Sardinia (Italy): a geomorphometric contribution
Transitional relation exploration for typical loess geomorphologic types based on slope spectrum characteristics
Extracting topographic swath profiles across curved geomorphic features
Short Communication: TopoToolbox 2 – MATLAB-based software for topographic analysis and modeling in Earth surface sciences
Katrina D. Gelwick, Sean D. Willett, and Rong Yang
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 783–800, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-783-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-783-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the intensity and spatial extent of landscape change in the Hengduan Mountains by identifying areas where river network reorganization is occurring or expected in the future. We combine four metrics that measure topographic imbalances at different spatial and temporal scales. Our study provides a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of the Hengduan Mountains landscape and associated drivers, such as tectonic uplift, and insights for applying similar methods elsewhere.
Matthew William Rossi
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 765–782, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-765-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-765-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Accurately identifying the presence and absence of landforms is important to inferring processes and testing numerical models of landscape evolution. Using synthetic scenarios, I show that the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) should be favored over the F1 score when comparing accuracy across scenes where landform abundances vary. Despite the resilience of MCC to imbalanced data, strong sensitivity to the size and shape of features can still occur when truth and model data are misaligned.
Natalie Barbosa, Johannes Leinauer, Juilson Jubanski, Michael Dietze, Ulrich Münzer, Florian Siegert, and Michael Krautblatter
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 249–269, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-249-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-249-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Massive sediment pulses in catchments are a key alpine multi-risk component. Combining high-resolution aerial imagery and seismic information, we decipher a multi-stage >130.000 m³ rockfall and subsequent sediment pulses over 4 years, reflecting sediment deposition up to 10 m, redistribution in the basin, and finally debouchure to the outlet. This study provides generic information on spatial and temporal patterns of massive sediment pulses in highly charged alpine catchments.
Lea Hartl, Thomas Zieher, Magnus Bremer, Martin Stocker-Waldhuber, Vivien Zahs, Bernhard Höfle, Christoph Klug, and Alessandro Cicoira
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 117–147, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-117-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-117-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The rock glacier in Äußeres Hochebenkar (Austria) moved faster in 2021–2022 than it has in about 70 years of monitoring. It is currently destabilizing. Using a combination of different data types and methods, we show that there have been two cycles of destabilization at Hochebenkar and provide a detailed analysis of velocity and surface changes. Because our time series are very long and show repeated destabilization, this helps us better understand the processes of rock glacier destabilization.
Philippe Steer, Laure Guerit, Dimitri Lague, Alain Crave, and Aurélie Gourdon
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 1211–1232, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-1211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-1211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The morphology and size of sediments influence erosion efficiency, sediment transport and the quality of aquatic ecosystem. In turn, the spatial evolution of sediment size provides information on the past dynamics of erosion and sediment transport. We have developed a new software which semi-automatically identifies and measures sediments based on 3D point clouds. This software is fast and efficient, offering a new avenue to measure the geometrical properties of large numbers of sediment grains.
François Noël, Michel Jaboyedoff, Andrin Caviezel, Clément Hibert, Franck Bourrier, and Jean-Philippe Malet
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 1141–1164, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-1141-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-1141-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Rockfall simulations are often performed to make sure infrastructure is safe. For that purpose, rockfall trajectory data are needed to calibrate the simulation models. In this paper, an affordable, flexible, and efficient trajectory reconstruction method is proposed. The method is tested by reconstructing trajectories from a full-scale rockfall experiment involving 2670 kg rocks and a flexible barrier. The results highlight improvements in precision and accuracy of the proposed method.
Elhanan Harel, Liran Goren, Onn Crouvi, Hanan Ginat, and Eitan Shelef
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 875–894, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-875-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Drainage reorganization redistributes drainage area across basins, resulting in channel and valley widths that may be unproportional to the new drainage area. We demonstrate scaling between valley width and drainage area in reorganized drainages that deviates from scaling in non-reorganized drainages. Further, deviation patterns are associated with different reorganization categories. Our findings are consequential for studies that rely on this scaling for valley width estimation.
Silvan Ragettli, Tabea Donauer, Peter Molnar, Ron Delnoije, and Tobias Siegfried
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 797–815, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-797-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-797-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a novel methodology to identify and quantitatively analyze deposition and erosion patterns in ephemeral ponds or in perennial lakes with strong water level fluctuations. We apply this method to unravel the water and sediment balance of Lac Wégnia, a designated Ramsar site in Mali. The study can be a showcase for monitoring Sahelian lakes using remote sensing data, as it sheds light on the actual drivers of change in Sahelian lakes.
Liesa Brosens, Benjamin Campforts, Gerard Govers, Emilien Aldana-Jague, Vao Fenotiana Razanamahandry, Tantely Razafimbelo, Tovonarivo Rafolisy, and Liesbet Jacobs
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 209–227, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-209-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Obtaining accurate information on the volume of geomorphic features typically requires high-resolution topographic data, which are often not available. Here, we show that the globally available 12 m TanDEM-X DEM can be used to accurately estimate gully volumes and establish an area–volume relationship after applying a correction. This allowed us to get a first estimate of the amount of sediment that has been mobilized by large gullies (lavaka) in central Madagascar over the past 70 years.
Thomas G. Bernard, Dimitri Lague, and Philippe Steer
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 1013–1044, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1013-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1013-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Both landslide mapping and volume estimation accuracies are crucial to quantify landscape evolution and manage such a natural hazard. We developed a method to robustly detect landslides and measure their volume from repeat 3D point cloud lidar data. This method detects more landslides than classical 2D inventories and resolves known issues of indirect volume measurement. Our results also suggest that the number of small landslides classically detected from 2D imagery is underestimated.
Mieke Kuschnerus, Roderik Lindenbergh, and Sander Vos
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 89–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-89-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-89-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sandy coasts are areas that undergo a lot of changes, which are caused by different influences, such as tides, wind or human activity. Permanent laser scanning is used to generate a three-dimensional representation of a part of the coast continuously over an extended period. By comparing three unsupervised learning algorithms, we develop a methodology to analyse the resulting data set and derive which processes are dominating changes in the beach and dunes.
Veit Ulrich, Jack G. Williams, Vivien Zahs, Katharina Anders, Stefan Hecht, and Bernhard Höfle
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 19–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-19-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-19-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we use 3D point clouds to detect topographic changes across the surface of a rock glacier. These changes are presented as the relative contribution of surface change during a 3-week period to the annual surface change. By comparing these different time periods and looking at change in different directions, we provide estimates showing that different directions of surface change are dominant at different times of the year. This demonstrates the benefit of frequent monitoring.
Franklin D. Wolfe, Timothy A. Stahl, Pilar Villamor, and Biljana Lukovic
Earth Surf. Dynam., 8, 211–219, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-211-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-211-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This short communication presents an efficient method for analyzing large fault scarp data sets. The programs and workflow required are open-source and the methodology is easy to use; thus the barrier to entry is low. This tool can be applied to a broad range of active tectonic studies. A case study in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, exemplifies the novelty of this tool by generating results that are consistent with extensive field campaigns in only a few hours at a work station.
Kristen L. Cook and Michael Dietze
Earth Surf. Dynam., 7, 1009–1017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-1009-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-1009-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
UAVs have become popular tools for detecting topographic changes. Traditionally, detecting small amounts of change between two UAV surveys requires each survey to be highly accurate. We take an alternative approach and present a simple processing workflow that produces survey pairs or sets that are highly consistent with each other, even when the overall accuracy is relatively low. This greatly increases our ability to detect changes in settings where ground control is not possible.
Kerry L. Callaghan and Andrew D. Wickert
Earth Surf. Dynam., 7, 737–753, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-737-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-737-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Lakes and swales are real landscape features but are generally treated as data errors when calculating water flow across a surface. This is a problem because depressions can store water and fragment drainage networks. Until now, there has been no good generalized approach to calculate which depressions fill and overflow and which do not. We addressed this problem by simulating runoff flow across a landscape, selectively flooding depressions and more realistically connecting lakes and rivers.
Boris Gailleton, Simon M. Mudd, Fiona J. Clubb, Daniel Peifer, and Martin D. Hurst
Earth Surf. Dynam., 7, 211–230, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-211-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-211-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The shape of landscapes is influenced by climate changes, faulting or the nature of the rocks under the surface. One of the most sensitive parts of the landscape to these changes is the river system that eventually adapts to such changes by adapting its slope, the most extreme example being a waterfall. We here present an algorithm that extracts changes in river slope over large areas from satellite data with the aim of investigating climatic, tectonic or geologic changes in the landscape.
Ankit Kumar Verma and Mary Carol Bourke
Earth Surf. Dynam., 7, 45–66, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-45-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-45-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The article describes the development of a portable triangle control target to register structure-from-motion-derived topographic data. We were able to generate sub-millimetre-resolution 3-D models with sub-millimetre accuracy. We verified the accuracy of our models in an experiment and demonstrated the potential of our method by collecting microtopographic data on weathered Moenkopi sandstone in Arizona. The results from our study confirm the efficacy of our method at sub-millimetre scale.
Niamh Danielle Cullen, Ankit Kumar Verma, and Mary Clare Bourke
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 1023–1039, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-1023-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-1023-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This research article provides a comparison between the traditional method of measuring erosion on rock shore platforms using a traversing micro-erosion meter (TMEM) and a new approach using structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry. Our results indicate that SfM photogrammetry offers several advantages over the TMEM, allowing for erosion measurement at different scales on rock surfaces with low roughness while also providing a means to identify different processes and styles of erosion.
Benjamin Purinton and Bodo Bookhagen
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 971–987, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-971-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-971-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We show a new use for the SRTM-C digital elevation model from February 2000 and the newer TanDEM-X dataset from ~ 2015. We difference the datasets over hillslopes and gravel-bed channels to extract vertical land-level changes. These signals are associated with incision, aggradation, and landsliding. This requires careful correction of the SRTM-C biases using the TanDEM-X and propagation of significant uncertainties. The method can be applied to moderate relief areas with SRTM-C coverage.
Gonzalo Duró, Alessandra Crosato, Maarten G. Kleinhans, and Wim S. J. Uijttewaal
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 933–953, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-933-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-933-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The challenge to measure three-dimensional bank irregularities in a mid-sized river reach can be quickly solved in the field flying a drone with ground-control points and later applying structure from motion photogrammetry. We tested a simple approach that achieved sufficient resolution and accuracy to identify the full bank erosion cycle, including undermining. This is an easy-to-use and quickly deployed survey alternative to measure bank erosion processes along extended distances.
Daniel Wujanz, Michael Avian, Daniel Krueger, and Frank Neitzel
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 303–317, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-303-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-303-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The importance of increasing the degree of automation in the context of monitoring natural hazards or geological phenomena is apparent. A vital step in the processing chain of monitoring deformations is the transformation of captured epochs into a common reference systems. This led to the motivation to develop an algorithm that realistically carries out this task. The algorithm was tested on three different geomorphic events while the results were quite satisfactory.
Guillaume C. H. Goodwin, Simon M. Mudd, and Fiona J. Clubb
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 239–255, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-239-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-239-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Salt marshes are valuable environments that provide multiple services to coastal communities. However, their fast-paced evolution poses a challenge to monitoring campaigns due to time-consuming processing. The Topographic Identification of Platforms (TIP) method uses high-resolution topographic data to automatically detect the limits of salt marsh platforms within a landscape. The TIP method provides sufficient accuracy to monitor salt marsh change over time, facilitating coastal management.
Ellen Schwalbe and Hans-Gerd Maas
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 861–879, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-861-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-861-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The simple use of time-lapse cameras as a visual observation tool may already be a great help for environmental investigations. However, beyond that, they have the potential to also deliver precise measurements with high temporal and spatial resolution when applying appropriate processing techniques. In this paper we introduce a method for the determination of glacier motion fields from time-lapse images, but it might also be adapted for other environmental motion analysis tasks.
Wolfgang Schwanghart and Dirk Scherler
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 821–839, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-821-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-821-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
River profiles derived from digital elevation models are affected by errors. Here we present two new algorithms – quantile carving and the CRS algorithm – to hydrologically correct river profiles. Both algorithms preserve the downstream decreasing shape of river profiles, while CRS additionally smooths profiles to avoid artificial steps. Our algorithms are able to cope with the problems of overestimation and asymmetric error distributions.
François Clapuyt, Veerle Vanacker, Fritz Schlunegger, and Kristof Van Oost
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 791–806, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-791-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-791-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work aims at understanding the behaviour of an earth flow located in the Swiss Alps by reconstructing very accurately its topography over a 2-year period. Aerial photos taken from a drone, which are then processed using a computer vision algorithm, were used to derive the topographic datasets. Combination and careful interpretation of high-resolution topographic analyses reveal the internal mechanisms of the earthflow and its complex rotational structure, which is evolving over time.
Denis Cohen and Massimiliano Schwarz
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 451–477, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-451-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-451-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Tree roots reinforce soils on slopes. A new slope stability model is presented that computes root reinforcement including the effects of root heterogeneities and dependence of root strength on tensile and compressive strain. Our results show that roots stabilize slopes that would otherwise fail under a rainfall event. Tension in roots is more effective than compression. Redistribution of forces in roots across the hillslope plays a key role in the stability of the slope during rainfall events.
Ryan A. Kromer, Antonio Abellán, D. Jean Hutchinson, Matt Lato, Marie-Aurelie Chanut, Laurent Dubois, and Michel Jaboyedoff
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 293–310, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-293-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-293-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and tested an automated terrestrial laser scanning (ATLS) system with near-real-time change detection at the Séchilienne landslide. We monitored the landslide for a 6-week period collecting a point cloud every 30 min. We detected various slope processes including movement of scree material, pre-failure deformation of discrete rockfall events and deformation of the main landslide body. This system allows the study of slope processes a high level of temporal detail.
Benjamin Purinton and Bodo Bookhagen
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 211–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-211-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-211-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate the 12 m TanDEM-X DEM for geomorphometry and compare elevation accuracy (using over 300 000 dGPS measurements) and geomorphic metrics (e.g., slope and curvature) to other modern satellite-derived DEMs. The optically generated 5 m ALOS World 3D is less useful due to high-frequency noise. Despite improvements in radar-derived satellite DEMs, which are useful for elevation differencing and catchment analysis, lidar data are still necessary for fine-scale analysis of hillslope processes.
Céline Longchamp, Antonio Abellan, Michel Jaboyedoff, and Irene Manzella
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 743–755, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-743-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-743-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The main objective of this research is to analyze rock avalanche dynamics by means of a detailed structural analysis of the deposits coming from data of 3-D measurements. The studied deposits are of different magnitude: (1) decimeter level scale laboratory experiments and (2) well-studied rock avalanches.
Filtering techniques were developed and applied to a 3-D dataset in order to detect fault structures present in the deposits and to propose kinematic mechanisms for the propagation.
Giulia Sofia, John K. Hillier, and Susan J. Conway
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 721–725, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-721-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-721-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The interdisciplinarity of geomorphometry is its greatest strength and one of its major challenges. This special issue showcases exciting developments that are the building blocks for the next step-change in the field. In reading and compiling the contributions we hope that the scientific community will be inspired to seek out collaborations and share ideas across subject-boundaries, between technique-developers and users, enabling us as a community to gather knowledge from our digital landscape
Stuart W. D. Grieve, Simon M. Mudd, David T. Milodowski, Fiona J. Clubb, and David J. Furbish
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 627–653, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-627-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-627-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution topographic data are becoming more prevalent, yet many areas of geomorphic interest do not have such data available. We produce topographic data at a range of resolutions to explore the influence of decreasing resolution of data on geomorphic analysis. We test the accuracy of the calculation of curvature, a hillslope sediment transport coefficient, and the identification of channel networks, providing guidelines for future use of these methods on low-resolution topographic data.
Livia Piermattei, Luca Carturan, Fabrizio de Blasi, Paolo Tarolli, Giancarlo Dalla Fontana, Antonio Vettore, and Norbert Pfeifer
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 425–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-425-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-425-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the applicability of the SfM–MVS approach for calculating the geodetic mass balance of a glacier and for the detection of the surface displacement rate of an active rock glacier located in the eastern Italian Alps. The results demonstrate that it is possible to reliably quantify the investigated glacial and periglacial processes by means of a quick ground-based photogrammetric survey that was conducted using a consumer grade SRL camera and natural targets as ground control points.
Anette Eltner, Andreas Kaiser, Carlos Castillo, Gilles Rock, Fabian Neugirg, and Antonio Abellán
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 359–389, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-359-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-359-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Three-dimensional reconstruction of earth surfaces from overlapping images is a promising tool for geoscientists. The method is very flexible, cost-efficient and easy to use, leading to a high variability in applications at different scales. Performance evaluation reveals that good accuracies are achievable but depend on the requirements of the individual case study. Future applications and developments (i.e. big data) will consolidate this essential tool for digital surface mapping.
Sebastiano Trevisani and Marco Cavalli
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 343–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-343-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-343-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The generalization of the concept of roughness implies the need to refer to a family of roughness indices capturing specific aspects of surface morphology. We test the application of a flow-oriented directional measure of roughness based on the geostatistical index MAD (median of absolute directional differences), computed considering gravity-driven flow direction. The use of flow-directional roughness improves geomorphometric modeling and the interpretation of landscape morphology.
Stuart W. D. Grieve, Simon M. Mudd, Martin D. Hurst, and David T. Milodowski
Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 309–325, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-309-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-309-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Relationships between the erosion rate and topographic relief of hillslopes have been demonstrated in a number of diverse settings and such patterns can be used to identify the impact of tectonic plate motion on the Earth's surface. Here we present an open-source software tool which can be used to explore these relationships in any landscape where high-resolution topographic data have been collected.
D. T. Milodowski, S. M. Mudd, and E. T. A. Mitchard
Earth Surf. Dynam., 3, 483–499, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-3-483-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-3-483-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Rock is exposed at the Earth surface when erosion rates locally exceed rates of soil production. This transition is marked by a diagnostic increase in topographic roughness, which we demonstrate can be a powerful indicator of the location of rock outcrop in a landscape. Using this to explore how hillslopes in two landscapes respond to increasing erosion rates, we find that the transition from soil-mantled to bedrock hillslopes is patchy and spatially heterogeneous.
M. T. Melis, F. Mundula, F. DessÌ, R. Cioni, and A. Funedda
Earth Surf. Dynam., 2, 481–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-481-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-481-2014, 2014
S. Zhao and W. Cheng
Earth Surf. Dynam., 2, 433–441, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-433-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-433-2014, 2014
S. Hergarten, J. Robl, and K. Stüwe
Earth Surf. Dynam., 2, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-97-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-97-2014, 2014
W. Schwanghart and D. Scherler
Earth Surf. Dynam., 2, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-1-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-1-2014, 2014
Cited articles
Arkema, K. K., Guannel, G., Verutes, G., Wood, S. A., Guerry, A., Ruckelshaus,
M., Karejva, M., Lacayo, M., and Silver,
J. M.: Coastal habitats shield people and property from sea-level rise and
storms, Nat. Clim. Change, 3, 913–918, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1944, 2013.
Bamber, J. L. and Aspinall, W. P.: An expert judgement assessment of future
sea level rise from the ice sheets, Nat. Clim. Change, 3, 424–427, 2013.
Cahoon, D. R., Reed, D. J., Kolker, A. S., Brinson, M. M., Stevenson, J. C.,
Riggs, S., Christian, R., Reyes, E., Voss, C., and
Kunz, D.: Coastal wetland sustainability, in: Coastal sensitivity to sea-level rise – A focus on the mid-Atlantic region,
edited by: Titus, J. G., Anderson, K. E.,
Cahoon, D. R., Gesch, D. B., Gill, S. K., Gutierrez, B. T., Thieler, E. R., and
Williams, S. J., Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 57–72, 2009.
Carter, R.: Coastal environments: an introduction to the physical, ecological, and cultural systems of coastlines, Academic:
San Diego, CA, 1988.
Church, J. A., Clark, P. U., Cazenave, A., Gregory, J. M., Jevrejeva, S.,
Levermann, A., Merrifield, M. A., Milne, G. A., Nerem,
R. S., Nunn, P.D., Payne, A. J., Pfeffer, W. T., Stammer, D., and
Unnikrishnan, A. S.: Sea level change, in: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis (Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D.,
Plattner, G.-K.,
Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and
Midgley, P. M., Cambridge, United
Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Danielson, J. J., Poppenga, S. K., Brock, J. C., Evans, G. A., Tyler, D. J.,
Gesch, D. B., Thatcher, C. A., and Barras, J. A.:
Topobathymetric elevation model development using a new methodology-Coastal
National Elevation Database, J. Coast. Res., 76, 75–89, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI76-008, 2016.
Davies, J. L.: A morphogenic approach to world shorelines, Z. Geomorphol., 8, 27–42, 1964.
ESRI: ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10, Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems
Research Institute, 2016.
Ezer, T. and Atkinson, L. P.: Accelerated flooding along the U.S. East
Coast: On the impact of sea-level rise, tides,
storms, the Gulf Stream, and the North Atlantic Oscillations, Earth's Future, 2, 362–382,
2014.
Fischman, R. L., Meretsky, V. J., Babko, A., Kennedy, M., Liu, L., Robinson,
M., and Wambugu, S.: Planning for
adaptation to climate change: Lessons from the US National Wildlife Refuge
System, BioScience, 64, 993–1005, 2014.
FitzGerald, D. M., Fenster, M. S., Argow, B. A., and Buynevich, I. V.: Coastal
impacts due to sea-level rise, Annu.
Rev. Earth Planet. Sc., 36, 601–647, 2008.
Field, M. E. and Duane, D. B.: Post-Pleistocene history of the United States
inner continental shelf: Significance to
origin of barrier islands, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 87, 691–702, 1976.
Gedan, K. B., Kirwan, M. L., Wolanski, E., Barbier, E. B., and Silliman, B.
R: The present and future role of coastal wetland vegetation in protecting
shorelines: Answering recent challenges to the paradigm, Clim. Change, 106,
7–29, 2011.
Gesch, D. B.: The national elevation dataset, chap. 4 of Maune, edited by:
Maune, D. F., Digital elevation model technologies and applications – The
DEM users manual, 2d ed., 99–118, Bethesda, Md., American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2007.
Gesch, D. B.: Analysis of lidar elevation data for improved identification
and delineation of lands vulnerable to
sea-level rise, J. Coast. Res., 53, 49–58, 2009.
Goddard, P. B., Yin, J., Griffies, S. M., and Zhang, S.: An extreme event of
sea-level rise along the Northeast coast of North America in 2009–2010, Nat.
Commun., 6, 6346, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7346, 2015.
Gomez, C., White, J. C., and Wulder, M. A.: Optical remotely sensed time
series data for land cover classification: A
review, ISPRS J. Photogramm., 116, 55–72, 2016.
Hauer, M. E.: Migration induced by sea-level rise could reshape the US
population landscape, Nat. Clim.
Change, 7, 321–325, 2017.
Hauer, M. E., Evans, J. M., and Mishra, D. R.: Millions projected to be at risk
from sea-level rise in the continental
United States, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 691–695, 2016.
Hayes, M. O.: Barrier island morphology as a function of tidal and wave
regime, in: Barrier
Islands from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, edited by: Leatherman, S. P., 1–27, New York, NY, Academic, 1979.
Hinkel, J., Lincke, D., Vafeidis, A. T., Perrette, M., Nicholls, R. J., Tol,
R. S. J., Marzeion, B., Fettweis, X., Ionescu, C., and
Levermann, A.: Coastal flood damage and adaptation costs under 21st
century sea-level rise, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 3292–3297, 2014.
Im, J., Jensen, J. R., and Hodgson, M. E.: Object-based land cover
classification using high-posting-density lidar data,
GIScience and Remote Sensing, 45, 209–228, 2008.
Kane, H., Fletcher, C., Cochrane, E., Mitrovica, J., Habel, S., and Barbee,
M.: Coastal plain stratigraphy records
tectonic, environmental, and human habitability changes related to sea-level
drawdown, Upolu, Samoa, Quaternary Res., 87, 246–257, 2017.
Kempeneers, P. Deronde, B., Provoost, S., and Houthuys, R.: Synergy of
airborne digital camera and lidar data to
map coastal dune vegetation, J. Coast. Res., 53, 73–82, 2009.
Kirwan, M. L. and Megonigal, J. P.: Tidal wetland stability in the face of
human impacts and sea-level rise, Nature,
504, 53–60, 2013.
Kopp, R. E., Horton, R. M., Little, C. M., Mitrovica, J. X., Oppenheimer,
M., Rasmussen, D. J., Strauss, B. H., and Tebaldi,
C.: Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea-level projections at a global
network of tide-gauge sites, Earth's
Future, 2, 383–406, 2014.
Lee, D. S. and Shan, J.: Class-guided building extraction from Ikonos
imagery, Photogramm. Eng.
Rem. S., 2, 143–150, 2013.
Lentz, E. E., Stippa, S. R., Thieler, E. R., Plant, N. G., Gesch, D. B., and
Horton, R. M.: Evaluating coastal landscape
response to sea-level rise in the northeastern United States – Approach and methods, OFR 2014-1252, U.S. Geological Survey, 2015a.
Lentz, E. E., Stippa, S. R., Thieler, E. R., Plant, N. G., Gesch, D. B., and
Horton, R. M.: Coastal landscape response to sea-level rise assessment for
the northeastern United States (ver. 2.0., December 2015): U.S. Geological
Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F73J3B0B, 2015b.
Lentz, E. E., Thieler, E. R., Plant, N. P., Stippa, S. R., Horton, R., and Gesch,
D. B.: Evaluation of dynamic coastal
response to sea-level rise modifies inundation likelihood, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 696–700,
2016.
Liu, J., Wen, J., Huang, Y., Shi, M., Meng, Q., Ding, J., and Xu, H.: Human
settlement and regional development in the
context of climate change: A spatial analysis of low elevation coastal zones
in China, Mitig. Adapt.
Strat. Gl., 20, 527–546, 2015.
Marcy, D, Brooks, W., Draganov, K., Hadley, B., Haynes, C., Herold, N.,
McCombs, J., Pendleton, M., Ryan, S., Schmid,
K., Sutherland, M., and Waters, K.: New mapping tool and techniques for
visualizing sea-level rise and
coastal flooding impacts, in: Solutions to Coastal
Disasters 2011, edited by: Wallendorf, L., Jones, C., Ewing, L., and
Battalio, B., American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, 474–490, 2011.
Marzeion, B., Jarosch, A. H., and Hofer, M.: Past and future sea-level change from the surface mass balance of glaciers,
The Cryosphere, 6, 1295–1322, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1295-2012, 2012.
Mastrandrea, M. D., Field, C. B., Stocker, T. F., Edenhofer, O., Ebi, K. L.,
Frame, D. J., Held, H., Kriegler, E., Mach, K. J.,
Matschoss, P. R., Plattner, G.-K., Yohe, G. W., and Zwiers, F. W.: Guidance Note for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
on Consistent Treatment of Uncertainties,
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2010.
McCombs, J. W., Herold, N. D., Burkhalter, S. G., and Robinson, C. J.: Accuracy
assessment of NOAA Coastal Change
Analysis Program 2006–2010 Land Cover and Land Cover Change Data,
Photogramm. Eng.
Rem. S., 82, 711–718, 2016.
McGarigal, K., Compton, B. W., Plunkett, E. B., Deluca, W. V., and Grand, J.:
Designing sustainable landscapes: DSLland and Subsysland, Report to the North
Atlantic Conservation Cooperative, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast
Region, available at:
http://jamba.provost.ads.umass.edu/web/LCC/DSL_documentation_DSLland.pdf
(last access: 28 November 2018), 2017.
McGranahan, G., Balik, D., and Anderson, B.: The rising tide: assessing the
risks of climate change and human
settlements in low elevation coastal zones, Environ. Urban., 19, 17–37, 2007.
McNamara, D. E., Murray, A. B., and Smith, M. D.: Coastal sustainability
depends on how economic and coastline responses to climate change affect each
other, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L07401, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047207, 2011.
Mitrovica, J. X., Gomez, N., Morrow, E., Hay, C., Latychev, K., and Tamisiea,
M. E.: On the robustness of
predictions of sea level fingerprints, Geophys. J. Int., 187, 729–742, 2011.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Geophysical Data
Center: U.S. coastal relief model: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration National Geophysical Data Center Web page, available at:
https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/coastal/crm.html, last access: 9 June
2014.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office for Coastal
Management: 2010 Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) Regional Land Cover,
available at: https://www.coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp, last access: 5 June
2017.
National Ocean Service: VDatum manual for development and support of NOAA's
vertical datum transformation tool, VDatum (ver. 1.01): National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration and National Geodetic Survey, 119 pp., available
at: http://vdatum.noaa.gov/docs/publication.html, last access:
19 December 2013.
National Research Council: Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment,
The National Academies Press, Washington DC, USA, 422 pp., 2009.
NOAA's Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) 2001 to 2010 Regional Land
Cover Change Data – Coastal United States: Department of Commerce (DOC),
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean
Service (NOS), Office for Coastal Management (OCM), available at:
https://coast.noaa.gov/dataregistry/search/dataset/info/ccapregional
(last access: 5 June 2017), 2013.
Norsys Software Corp: Netica 5.12, Bayesian network development software,
available at: https://www.norsys.com/ (last access: 12 March 2019),
2013.
Pelletier, J. D., Murray, A. B., Pierce, J. L., Bierman, P. R., Breshears, D. D.,
Crosby, B. T., Ellis, M., Foufoula-Georgiou,
E., Himsath, A. M., Houser, C., Lancaster, N., Marani, M., Merritts, D. J.,
Moore, L. J., Pederson, J. L., Poulous, M. J., Rittenour, T. M., Rowland, J. C.,
Ruggiero, P., Ward, D. J., Wickert, A. D., and Yager, E. M.: Forecasting the
response of Earth's surface to future climatic and land use changes: A
review of methods and research needs, Earth's Future, 3, 220–251, 2015.
Radić, V., Bliss, A., Beedlow, C. D., Hock, R., Miles, E., and Cogley,
J. G.: Regional and global projections of twenty-first
century glacier mass changes in response to climate scenarios from global
climate models, Clim. Dynam., 42, 37–58, 2013.
Redfield, A. C.: Development of a New England salt marsh, Ecol. Monogr., 42, 201–237,
1972.
Reif, M. K., Macon, C. L., and Wozencraft, J. M.: Post-Katrina land cover,
elevation, and volume change assessment along
the south shore of Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, USA, J. Coast. Res., 62, 30–39,
2011.
Sella, G. F., Stein, S., Dixon, T. H., Craymer, M., James, T. S., Mazzotti,
S., and Dokka, R. K.: Observation of glacial isostatic adjustment in
“stable” North America with GPS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L02306,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027081, 2007.
Shennan, I. and Horton, B.: Holocene land- and sea-level changes in Great
Britain, J. Quaternary Sci., 17, 511–526, 2002.
Slangen, A. B. A., Church, J. A., Zhang, X., and Monselesan, D.: Detection and
attribution of global mean
thermosteric sea level change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 5951–5959, 2014.
Strauss, B. H., Ziemlinski, R., Weiss, J. L., and Overpeck, J. T.: Tidally
adjusted estimates of topographic vulnerability to sea level rise and
flooding for the contiguous U.S., Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 014033,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014033, 2012.
Sturdivant E., Lentz E. E., Thieler, E. R., Farris, A., Weber, K., Remsen,
D., Miner, S., and Henderson R.: UAS-SfM for coastal research: Geomorphic
feature extraction and land cover classification from high-resolution
elevation and optical imagery, Remote Sens., 9, 1020,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101020, 2017.
Sweet, W. V. and Park, J.: From the extreme to the mean: Acceleration and
tipping points of coastal inundation from
sea level rise, Earth's Future, 2, 579–600, 2014.
Sweet, W. V., Kopp, R. E., Weaver, C. P., Obeysekera, J., Horton, R. M.,
Thieler, E. R., and Zervas, C.: Global and
Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States, NOAA Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 083, NOAA/NOS Center for Operational
Oceanographic Products and Services, 75 pp., 2017a.
Sweet, W. V., Horton, R., Kopp, R. E., LeGrande, A. N., and Romanou, A.: Sea
Level Rise, in:
Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment,
edited by: Wuebbles, D. J.,
Fahey, D. W., Hibbard, K. A., Dokken, D. J., Stewart, B. C., and Maycock, T. K.,
Volume 1, 333–363, U.S. Global Change Research Program: Washington DC, 2017b.
Taylor, K. E., Stouffer, R. J., and Meehl, G. A.: An overview of CMIP5 and the
experiment design, B. Am. Math. Soc., 93,
485–498, 2012.
U.S. Geological Survey: NED spatial metadata, available at: https://ned.usgs.gov/downloads.html, last access: 2 January 2015.
Wong, P. P., Losada, I. J., Gattuso, J.-P., Hinkel, J., Khattabi, A., McInnes,
K. L., Saito, Y., and Sallenger, A.: Coastal
systems and low-lying areas, in: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects,
edited by: Field, C. B., Barros, V. R., Dokken, D. J.,
Mach, K. J., Mastrandrea, M. D., Bilir, T. E., Chatterjee, M., Ebi, K. L., Estrada, Y.
O.,
Genova, R. C., Girma, B., Kissel, E. S., Levy, A. N., MacCracken, S.,
Mastrandrea, P. R., and White, L. L.: Contribution of Working
Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom and
New York, NY, USA, 361–409, 2014.
Yin, J. and Goddard, P. B.: Oceanic control of sea level rise patterns along
the East Coast of the United States,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 5514–5520, 2013.
Yin, J., Schlesinger, M. E., and Stouffer, R. J.: Model projections of rapid
sea-level rise on the northeast coast of the
United States, Nat. Geosci., 2, 262–266, 2009.
Zervas, C., Gill, S., and Sweet, W.: Estimating Vertical Land Motion from Long-Term Tide Gauge Records, NOAA
Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 065, 30 pp., 2013.
Short summary
Our findings examine several data inputs for probabilistic regional sea-level rise (SLR) impact predictions. To predict coastal response to SLR, detailed information on the landscape, including elevation, vegetation, and/or level of development, is needed. However, we find that the inherent relationship between elevation and land cover datasets (e.g., beaches tend to be low lying) is used to reduce error in a coastal response to SLR model, suggesting new applications for areas of limited data.
Our findings examine several data inputs for probabilistic regional sea-level rise (SLR) impact...
