Articles | Volume 12, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1193-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1193-2024
Research article
 | 
22 Oct 2024
Research article |  | 22 Oct 2024

Modeling the formation of toma hills based on fluid dynamics with a modified Voellmy rheology

Stefan Hergarten

Related authors

MinSIA v1: a lightweight and efficient implementation of the shallow ice approximation
Stefan Hergarten
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2242,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2242, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Model Development (GMD).
Short summary
Old orogen – young topography: lithological contrasts controlling erosion and relief formation in the Bohemian Massif
Jörg Christian Robl, Fabian Dremel, Kurt Stüwe, Stefan Hergarten, Christoph von Hagke, and Derek Fabel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3256,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3256, 2024
Short summary
A simple model for faceted topographies at normal faults based on an extended stream-power law
Stefan Hergarten
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 1315–1327, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1315-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1315-2024, 2024
Short summary
MinVoellmy v1: a lightweight model for simulating rapid mass movements based on a modified Voellmy rheology
Stefan Hergarten
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 781–794, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-781-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-781-2024, 2024
Short summary
Scaling between volume and runout of rock avalanches explained by a modified Voellmy rheology
Stefan Hergarten
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 219–229, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-219-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-219-2024, 2024
Short summary

Related subject area

Physical: Landscape Evolution: modelling and field studies
A fractal framework for channel–hillslope coupling
Benjamin Kargère, José Constantine, Tristram Hales, Stuart Grieve, and Stewart Johnson
Earth Surf. Dynam., 13, 403–415, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-403-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-403-2025, 2025
Short summary
Hillslope diffusion and channel steepness in landscape evolution models
David G. Litwin, Luca C. Malatesta, and Leonard S. Sklar
Earth Surf. Dynam., 13, 277–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-277-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-277-2025, 2025
Short summary
Modeling memory in gravel-bed rivers: A flow history-dependent relation for evolving thresholds of motion
Claire C. Masteller, Joel P. L. Johnson, Dieter Rickenmann, and Jens M. Turowski
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3250,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3250, 2024
Short summary
Old orogen – young topography: lithological contrasts controlling erosion and relief formation in the Bohemian Massif
Jörg Christian Robl, Fabian Dremel, Kurt Stüwe, Stefan Hergarten, Christoph von Hagke, and Derek Fabel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3256,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3256, 2024
Short summary
Channel concavity controls planform complexity of branching drainage networks
Liran Goren and Eitan Shelef
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 1347–1369, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1347-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1347-2024, 2024
Short summary

Cited articles

Abele, G.: Bergstürze in den Alpen: ihre Verbreitung, Morphologie und Folgeerscheinungen, no. 25 in Wiss. Alpenvereinshefte, Dt. Alpenverein, München, https://bibliothek.alpenverein.de/webOPAC/01_Alpenvereins-Publikationen/06_wiss._Alpenvereinshefte/AV-HeftNr.025.pdf (last access: 16 October 2024), 1974. a, b, c
Argentin, A.-L., Robl, J., Prasicek, G., Hergarten, S., Hölbling, D., Abad, L., and Dabiri, Z.: Controls on the formation and size of potential landslide dams and dammed lakes in the Austrian Alps, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1615–1637, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1615-2021, 2021. a
Bartelt, P. and Buser, O.: Frictional relaxation in avalanches, Ann. Glaciol., 51, 98–104, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756410791386607, 2010. a, b
Buser, O. and Bartelt, P.: Production and decay of random kinetic energy in granular snow avalanches, J. Glaciol., 55, 3–12, https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788608859, 2009. a, b
Campbell, C. S., Cleary, P. W., and Hopkins, M.: Large‐scale landslide simulations: Global deformation, velocities and basal friction, J. Geophys. Res.-Solid, 100, 8267–8283, https://doi.org/10.1029/94JB00937, 1995. a
Download
Short summary
Toma hills are relatively isolated hills found in the deposits of rock avalanches, and their origin is still enigmatic. This paper presents the results of numerical simulations based on a modified version of a friction law that was originally introduced for snow avalanches. The model produces more or less isolated hills (which look much like toma hills) on the valley floor. The results provide, perhaps, the first explanation of the occurrence of toma hills based on a numerical model.
Share